过去式的用法,过去式的用法,英语
本文目录索引
1,过去式的用法,英语
❶ 表示在过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态,一般过去时常和表示过去时间的状语连用。如yesterday, since then, then, at that time, at that moment, just now, a few days ago等。如: Where were you yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你去哪儿了? They had a baby last month. 他们上个月生了个小孩。 We suffered a lot in those years. 在那些岁月中我们受了很多苦。 She became silent since then. 从那以后她变得沉默了。 规则的行为动词的一般过去时的肯定式是由动词原形加词尾-ed构成,否定式由助动词did not +动词原形构成,疑问式由助动词did + 主语 + 动词原形构成,动词be和have(有)有自己的构成方式。现将动词be和have及行为动词(以work为例)的一般过去时的肯定式、疑问式和否定式的构成形式如下: ✥肯定式: 1 be I was... He / She / it was... We / You / They were... 2 have I have... I / He / She / It / We / You / They had... 3 work I / He / She / It / We / You / They worked... ✥疑问式: 1 be Was I / he / she / it... Were we / you / they... 2 have Had I / he / she / it / we / you / they... 3 work Did I / he / she / it / we / you / they work... ✥否定式: 1 be I / He / She / It was not... We / You / They were not... 2 have I / He / She / It / We / You / They had not... 3 work I / He / She / It / We / You / They didn't work...
2,过去式的用法
过去式(past tense)是英语语法的一种,表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。 ⒈过去发生的而已经结束的动作需要用一般过去式来表示。 ⒉表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。 【过去时态】表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。 【过去时态结构】是指过去时态下的动词形式的语法构成。 规则动词 一般动词直接加-ed,e.g.look-looked; 以e结尾的动词直接加-d,e.g.dance-danced; 辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加ed,e.g.study-studied; 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母(字母w,y,x除外),双写这个辅音字母加-ed,e.g.skip-skipped; 以l结尾的动词,若以非重读音节结尾,则末尾的字母l双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。e.g.travel-travelled/traveled(U.S.)。 部分以-p结尾的动词同样遵循第5条,这类词多由“前缀+名词”构成。e.g.worship-worshipped/worshiped(U.S.)、handicap-handicapped/handicaped(U.S.)。 注:英语26个字母中,除了a,e,i,o,u 这几个元音字母外,其他都是辅音字母。 不规则动词 动词过去式与原形相同; 动词过去式以-ought或-aught结尾; 动词过去式由原形结尾的-end变为-ent; 动词过去式以-elt,-eft,-ept结尾; 动词过去式与原形比较,其中一个元音字母发生改变; 动词过去式以-ew结尾; 动词过去式-ee-变为-e-。 情态动词 不规则情态动词 is-was are-weream-wasgo-wentdo,does-didbring-broughtmake-madehave-hadrun-rantell-toldeat-ateget-gotdraw-drewput -putread-readtake-tookdie-diedsee-saw fly-flew cut-cut meet-met tell-told build-built lend-lent lose-lost hear-heard buy-bought see-saw choose-chose forget-forgot sink-sank sing-sang begin-began swim-swam ring-rang drink-drank fly-flew draw-drew lie-lay 其他变化 1.原形-过去式-过去分词全相同 cost——cost——cost 价值 cut——cut——cut 切,割,砍 hit——hit——hit 打 hurt——hurt——hurt 伤害 read/ri:d/——read/red/——read/red/ 读 put——put——put 放 let——let——let 让 shut——shut——shut 关 2. 过去分词与原形相同,过去式改o/u为a become—became—become 变得,成为 come—came—come 来 run—ran—run 跑 3. 原形-过去式-过去分词是i-a-u的变化 begin—began—begun 开始 drink---drank—drunk 喝 ring---rang—rung 打电话 sing---sang---sung 唱(歌) swim---swam---swum 游泳 4. 过去分词在原形后加-en eat—ate---eaten 吃 fall---fell—fallen 落下;跌倒 5. 过去式和过去分词都去掉原形的一个e feed---fed—fed 喂养,饲养 meet---met---met 碰到,见面,会面 6. 过去分词在原形后加-n blow—blew—blown 吹 grow—grew—grown 种植;生长 throw---threw---thrown 投;掷;扔 know---knew——known知道;懂得;认为 draw—drew—drawn 画 fly--- flew---flown飞 see --- saw --- seen 看见,看到 show---showed---shown 出示;给...看 give--- gave ---given 给 drive---drove---driven 驾驶 take---took---taken 拿去;带去 7. 过去分词以-en结尾 bite--- bit --- bitten 咬 ride---rode---ridden 骑(车,马等) write---wrote---written 写 break---broke---broken 弄坏,弄破 choose--chose--chosen 选择 speak---spoke---spoken 讲话;演讲 wake---woke---woken 使...醒来;弄醒 forget---forgot---forgotten 忘记 hide---hid---hidden 躲,藏 8. 过去分词以-ne结尾 do --- did --- done 做,干 go --- went --- gone 去 9.过去式与过去分词都有aught结尾 catch---caught ---caught 捉住;抓住 teach---taught---taught 教 10.过去式和过去分词都以-ought结尾 bring---brought---brought 拿来;带来 buy ---bought ---bought 买 fight---fought---fought 打架;打仗 think---thought--thought 想;认为 teach---taught--taught 教 vt.教;教导,训练;教授 vi.教书 11. dig ---dug ---dug 挖 get ---got---got 得到;获得 sit --- sat --- sat 坐下 hold---held ---held 举行;握住 shine --- shone --- shone 照耀 say--- said ---said 说 pay---paid---paid 付账;为...付款 make---made---made 制造;制作 tell --- told --- told 告诉 sell---sold---sold 卖 stand --- stood --- stood 站立 understand-understood-understood 明白;理解 find --- found --- found 发现 12. 过去式和过去分词都在原形后加d或t hear--heard--heard 听见;听说 mean --meant--meant 意思是 13. 过去式和过去分词都以elt,eft或ept结尾 feel --- felt --- felt 感觉 keep --- kept --- kept 保持 sleep---slept---slept 睡觉 leave --- left --- left 离开 14 . have --- had --- had 有 lose --- lost --- lost 丢失;迷失 build---built---built 建造;建设 send --- sent --- sent 寄;送 lend---lent---lent 借 spend --- spent --- spent 花费(时间,金钱) 15. lie --- lay --- lain 躺;位于 wear --- wore --- worn 穿;戴 be ---was, were --- been 是 16. 只有过去式 can --- could 能 may --- might 可能,也许 shall---should 将要 will---would 将要 17. 过去式和过去分词均有两个 burn-burned/burnt-burned/burnt 燃烧 dream-dreamed/dreamt-dreamed/dreamt 做梦;梦见 learn-learned/learnt-learned/learnt 学会 smell--smelled/smelt--smelled/smelt 闻 spell--spelled/spelt--spelled/spelt 拼写 Be动词的一般过去时 内容在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were 肯定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + 其它. 否定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + not + 其它. 一般疑问句:Be(was , were) + 主语 + 其它? 注:在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was / were。Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。 实义动词的一般过去时态 注:1. did和didn’t是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。 2.实意动词do的一般过去时 肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 肯定句式:主语 + 动词(过去式)+ 其它 否定句式:主语 + didn’t + 动词(原形)+ 其它 【did not = didn’t】 一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】? Idomy homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子) Ididmy homework yesterday. I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句) Didyoudoyour homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句) 情态动词的一般过去时态 含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有be动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察。 肯定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + 其它 否定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它. 一般疑问句:情态动词 + 主语 + 其它? 注:情态动词的过去式:can→could , may→might , must→must ,will→would,shall→should。
3,英语 一般过去时的用法
1.表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
例:I talked to her last week.
我上星期和她谈了。
My mother was ill yesterday.
昨天我妈妈病了。
2.表示过去习惯性的动作。
例:He came to the lab twice week.
他每周到实验室来两次。
When Jack was a child,he always asked his parents to tell him stories.
当杰克还是孩子的时候,总是要父母讲故事给他听。
3.在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
例:They said they would let us know if they heard any news about him.
他们说如果听到任何关于他的消息,就通知我们。
They told us that would hot leave she came back.
他们告诉我们,直到她回来他们才会离开。
常与一般过去时连用的时间副词:
yesterday 昨天
last year 去年
at that time 在那时
yesterday morning 昨天上午
just now 刚才
two days ago 两天前
a few days ago 几天前
that day 那天
in 1999 在1999年
in the old days 在过去的日子里
4,英语里一般过去时的定义和用法是什么?
一般过去时态用法:定义:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。动词过去式的构成: a.规则动词过去式的变化可速记为"直"、"去"、"双"、"改"四字诀。 ①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed。如:entered, finished, wanted,played。 ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ed。如:liked, joked, hoped,lived。 ③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed。如:stopped, planned, stopped,nodded。 ④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-ed。如:carried, studied,tried, worried。 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住:清后[t],元浊[d],[t] [d]之后读[id]。 ①清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [F] [tF]等后,ed要读[t]。如:worked,finished,helped, fetched ②元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后,ed要读[d]。如:stayed,called,believed,referred ③[t]或[d]后,ed读[id]。如:started,wanted, permitted, needed。 b.不规则动词。大多数动词的过去式都是由动词原形加-ed构成,这类动词叫做规则动词。但有一些动词却不是以加-ed的方式构成,这类动词叫做不规则动词。例如: am (是) --was, is(是)--was, are(是)--were, begin(开始)--began, bring(拿来)--brought, can(能)--could, catch(捉住)--caught, come(来)--came, cut(砍,割)--cut, dig(挖,掘)--dug, do(做,干)--did, draw(画画,拉)--drew—等 详细请参阅: http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/18681706.html?si=3用法: 1)经常与yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 2000 (在2000年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语连用。如: I was born in 1990. 我出生在1990年。I went to the park last week. 我是上周去的公园。I stayed there for two months.我在那里呆了两个月了。When did you go to the park? 你是什么时候去的公园。A:We could have walked to the station; it was so near.我们本来可以步行去车站。车站离这很近。B:Yes. A taxi wasn’t at all necessary.是的。根本没必要打的。The captain made an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.船长就由于恶劣天气造成的耽搁向旅客们道歉。A: Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it.B: It’s 9568442.2)表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的行为,常与every day,often,sometimes等时间状语连用;“used to+动词原形”或“would+动词原形”常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的行为.In those days she went to see his father in the hospital every day.那些日子,她每天去医院看望她父亲。When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。When I was at college I spoke three foreign laguages, but I have forgotten all except a few words of each.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他的人,一坐就是数个小时,什么也不干,也不和任何人交谈。)He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。) 3)在时间、条件、方式让步状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作.He said he would let me know if he got any news.He promised that he would buy some copies for us whem he went there.He said he would write to us as soon as she arrived at Beijing. 4)在虚拟语气结构中;I do wish that I could help you. 我真希望我能帮助你。(事实是:我不能帮助你。事与愿违)If only she were my sister. 她要是我的妹妹多好啊。I would rather we didn’t go to see a film this evening.If I were you,I should do it.如果我是你的话,我就要做这件事。If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers. 如果各个地方都一样,就不需要地理学家了。It's already 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's about time we went home ? 现在已经5点钟了,难道你不认为该回家了吗?He acts as if he were / was a TV expert. 他做起事来好象是个电视专家。 5) 有时可代替一般现在时,表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量、试探性的语气。例如: ①动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。We were hoping you would stay with us.我们盼望您能和我们带在一起。I thought you might like some flowers.我想您也许想要些花。Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗?Did you wish to see me now?您想现在见我吗?I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。We were wondering whether we might beg a lift in your car?我们不知是否能请求您让我们打车?②在表示请求时,用情态动词 could, would.例如:Could you open the door?能把门打开吗?(请把门打开,好吗?)Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用一些吗?Could you check these figures?您能核对一下这些数字吗?Would you help us, please?请帮助我们,好吗? Would you mind my sitting here?您介意我坐在这里吗?Would you please look over my essay?请您审阅一下我的文章,好吗? 6)有时候格言中也使用过去时态,多因为他们来源于名著。如:Care killed a cat. 忧虑伤身。Curiosity killed the cat. 好奇心,惹祸根。
5,一般过去时用法
A say goes 是一般现在时,A say went 是一般过去时。 一般过去时的基本用法:一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等。 例如:I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。My father was very busy last week. 我父亲上周很忙。 扩展资料: (1)It's said that+句子意思是:据说,俗话说… (2)As the saying goes 俗话说 (3)There is a saying that有一句俗话说 (4)There is an old saying that.或者There is a proverb that俗话说,有一句谚语/有一句俗话说 参考资料:百度百科:一般过去时
6,过去时用法
一般过去式 表示过去的动作和状态。 I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰见了他。
一般过去式构成: 表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式变化如下:
一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:
worked played wanted acted
以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:
studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew
一般过去式的用法:
1) 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
I worked in that factory last year.
去年我在那一家工厂工作。
I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.
昨天我们去了天龙山。
望采纳谢谢